Homodimer. Interacts with SLA. Interacts (phosphorylated form) with VAV2, VAV3 and PI3-kinase p85 subunit (PIK3R1, PIK3R2 or PIK3R3); critical for the EFNA1-induced activation of RAC1 which stimulates cell migration. Interacts with ANKS1A (By similarity). Interacts with INPPL1; regulates activated EPHA2 endocytosis and degradation. Interacts (inactivated form) with PTK2 and interacts (EFNA1 ligand-activated form) with PTPN11; regulates integrin-mediated adhesion. Interacts with ARHGEF16, DOCK4 and ELMO2; mediates ligand-independent activation of RAC1 which stimulates cell migration. Interacts with CLDN4; phosphorylates CLDN4 and may regulate tight junctions. Interacts with ACP1.
Function:
Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate to UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Cell projection
ruffle membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Cell projection
lamellipodium membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Cell junction
focal adhesion
Present at regions of cell-cell contacts but also at the leading edge of migrating cells.
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Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1);CATALYTIC ACTIVITY;AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION
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Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2);ALTERNATIVE SPLICING
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Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1)
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Cited for: FUNCTION IN INTEGRIN-MEDIATED CELL ADHESION;FUNCTION IN CELL MIGRATION;PHOSPHORYLATION;INTERACTION WITH PTK2/FAK1 AND PTPN11;SUBCELLULAR LOCATION
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Cited for: INTERACTION WITH ACP1;DEPHOSPHORYLATION BY ACP1
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Cited for: FUNCTION IN CELL-CELL INTERACTION;INTERACTION WITH CLDN4;MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-646
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Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-570; SER-579 AND THR-647;IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]
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Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-570; SER-892 AND SER-901;IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]
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Cited for: DISEASE;FUNCTION IN CELL MIGRATION;SUBCELLULAR LOCATION;MUTAGENESIS OF ASP-739 AND SER-897;PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-897 BY PKB
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Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ASN-435
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Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-570; TYR-628; THR-647 AND SER-869;IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]
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Cited for: FUNCTION IN CELL MIGRATION;INTERACTION WITH ARHGEF16; DOCK4 AND ELMO2
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Cited for: FUNCTION IN KERATINOCYTE ADHESION AND DIFFERENTIATION;SUBCELLULAR LOCATION
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Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]
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Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]
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Cited for: INTERACTION WITH HHV-8 GLYCOPROTEIN L/GLYCOPROTEIN H
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Cited for: FUNCTION IN CELL MIGRATION;PHOSPHORYLATION AT TYR-930;DEPHOSPHORYLATION AT TYR-930 BY PTPRF;INTERACTION WITH NCK1
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Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.3 ANGSTROMS) OF 596-900
30.
"Solution structure of the C-terminal SAM-domain of EPHAA2: ephrin type-A receptor 2 precursor (EC 2.7.10.1)." RIKEN structural genomics initiative (RSGI)
Submitted (2008-01) to the PDB data bank
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Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 902-976
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Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.52 ANGSTROMS) OF 28-201;X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF 28-201 IN COMPLEX WITH EFNA1;SUBUNIT;DISULFIDE BOND;MUTAGENESIS OF ARG-103
32.
"Ephrin A1 bound to the ligand binding domain of the human ephrin A2 (EPHA2) receptor protein kinase." Structural genomics consortium (SGC)
Submitted (2009-02) to the PDB data bank
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Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.95 ANGSTROMS) OF 25-202;DISULFIDE BOND
33.
"Left-handed dimer of EPHA2 transmembrane domain helix packing diversity among receptor tyrosine kinases." Mayzel M.L.
,
Bocharov E.V.
,
Volynsky P.E.
,
Arseniev A.S.
Submitted (2009-08) to the PDB data bank
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Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 523-563
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Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.65 ANGSTROMS) OF 23-202 IN COMPLEX WITH EFNA1;SUBUNIT
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Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] ARG-391; MET-511; HIS-568; SER-777 AND HIS-876
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Cited for: VARIANT CTRCT6 GLN-721;CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT CTRCT6 GLN-721
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Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS CTRCT6 ILE-940 AND CTRCT6 TRP-948