Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and this disease overlaps with the triple negative classification. There is an urgent need for new treatments of these types of breast cancer.
In cancer cells, the transcription factor controls the rate at which genetic information is replicated from DNA to intracellular messenger RNA. Transcription is critical for the correct completion of the cell cycle and cell proliferation. One of these transcription factors is FOXM1, a large amount of FOXM1 was found in basal-like breast cancer. Although this factor is important in normal and cancer cell cycles, scientists have not fully understood the mechanisms in FOXM1 regulation.
In a recent study by researchers from the University of North Carolina and the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, researchers found that the USP21 enzyme protects the protein FOXM1, which occurs with basal-like breast cancer, metastasis, and poor patient prognosis. There is a close connection.
Using RNA interference screening techniques, the researchers found that the regulatory factor that determines the abundance of FOXM1, the USP21 enzyme, increases the abundance and stability of FOXM1. The more USP21 in the cells, the more protection FOXM1 receives in the cell cycle. When the researchers depleted USP21, they found a significant reduction in protein in the FOXM1 transcriptional network and a significant delay in cell cycle progression.
"We found that USP21 is generally expressed in basal-like, triple-negative breast cancer. We believe that in the future, a drug can be developed to inhibit USP21, which induces cancer cells to destroy FOXM1 and prevent cancer cells from continuing to grow and proliferate," the researchers said. "We believe that USP21 it is not only drives basal-like breast cancer in patients, but also it is a new target for therapeutic intervention."
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